Vildagliptin is an oral medication used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. It belongs to the class of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, which work by increasing insulin secretion and reducing glucose production in the body. This helps to lower blood sugar levels after meals. Vildagliptin is typically taken once or twice daily in tablet form. It appears as a white to slightly yellowish crystalline powder and is soluble in water but less so in ethanol. The medication meets stringent quality standards outlined by pharmacopeias like IP, BP, EP, and USP, ensuring its effectiveness and safety for diabetes management.